old fashioned carriage workshop

The History of Coach Bolts: From Carriages to Construction

Did you know that coach bolts have been around for over 200 years? Not to be confused with coach screws, which are also originally used in the manufacturing of carriages, these bolts have since evolved to become a staple in modern construction.

In fact, it's estimated that over 50 million coach bolts are used every year in various industries, making them one of the most popular types of bolts.

As you explore the history and evolution of coach bolts, you'll discover how these versatile fasteners have played a significant role in transportation and construction throughout the years. From their traditional purpose of carriage manufacturing to their current use in building bridges and buildings, coach bolts have come a long way.

So grab your hard hat and let's take a closer look at how this essential component has shaped the world we live in today.

vintage car with coach bolts securing wheels

 

The Origins of Coach Bolts in Carriage Manufacturing

Let's take a ride back in time to witness the birth of coach bolts, born in the fiery furnaces of carriage manufacturing.

In the early days of transportation, carriages were constructed using wooden frames and panels that were held together using screws and nails. However, these fasteners weren't sturdy enough to withstand the rigorous conditions faced by carriages on long journeys over rough terrain.

To address this, coach builders began experimenting with new types of fasteners that would provide greater strength and durability. This led to the development of coach bolts, also known as cup square carriage bolts, which are characterised by their mushroom heads, square cup and machine threads.

These bolts were designed to be driven into wooden beams using a hammer to provide a tight fit that would keep the carriage frame securely in place on bumpy roads.

Over time, this double component fixing became an essential component of carriage construction, helping to ensure that passengers could travel safely and comfortably over long distances. Before long, they started to be used in various industries due to their vertatility and aesthetic.

bridge construction with coach bolts

 

Coach Bolts in the Age of Automobiles

When cars first hit the road, coach bolts were a popular fastener for many auto manufacturers. These heavy-duty bolts provided the strength and durability that was necessary to hold together the various components of vehicle frames.

However, as technology advanced and new materials were developed, coach bolts began to be replaced by other types of fasteners in the automotive industry. Despite being less commonly used in this industry today, coach bolts can still be found in some areas of modern vehicles.

Here are five interesting facts about their use:

  • Coach bolts are often used to secure suspension components due to their high tensile strength.
  • In racing cars, coach bolts can be found securing roll cages and other safety equipment.
  • Some classic car enthusiasts prefer using coach bolts for restorations as their mushroom head provides an authentic look.
  • Coach bolt heads can be customised with decorative designs for aesthetic purposes.
  • They are also commonly used in construction for heavy-duty applications such as securing timber beams and framing structures.


Coach bolts have left a lasting impact on both transportation and construction industries. Their legacy lives on through the continued use of this robust type of fastener in certain applications today.

 

19th century carriage bolt workshop

 

Coach Bolts in Modern Construction

Nowadays, sturdy fasteners like coach bolts continue to be used in heavy-duty construction projects. They are particularly useful in construction because of their durability and strength. They can withstand the weight and pressure of large wood and metal structures, making them a reliable choice for builders.

In modern construction, coach bolts come in a variety of sizes and materials, such as stainless steel, brass, and zinc plated. They can be found in various applications, including timber framing, roofing systems, bridge building and even in the assembly of playground equipment.

The versatile nature of coach bolts makes them an essential part of any builder's toolkit when constructing structures that require significant load-bearing capacity.

Advancements in Coach Bolt Design and Materials

With new designs and materials, coach bolts have become even more resilient and are now a popular choice for builders who need high-performance fasteners.

They can now withstand higher amounts of torque and tension without loosening or breaking. Their square cup stops the bolt from turning while the nut is fastened.

Here are three ways that coach bolt design and material improvements have made them even better:

1. Thicker shanks: Coach bolt shanks are now thicker than ever, which means they can handle more load before succumbing to deformation or failure. In some longer sizes they sometimes come with an unthreaded shank for extra resistance to pressure and load.

2. Better coatings: Modern coach bolts often feature finishes such as zinc plating or black oxide coating to reduce rusting.

3. Higher grade materials: With the advent of stronger steels like stainless steel alloys, coach bolts can now be made from even more durable materials that offer superior strength and longevity compared to traditional carbon steel options. It's recommended to use stainless steel coach bolts for any projects that are outdoors due to their exceptional corrosion and weather resistance. 

These advancements in coach bolt design and materials have resulted in a fastener that's not only reliable but also cost-effective for construction projects of all sizes.

Whether you're building a small storage shed or an entire builidng, coach bolts can provide the secure hold you need for your structures to withstand forces as years go by.

Common Coach Bolt Questions

What is the average lifespan of a coach bolt in construction?

You can expect coach bolts to last for the lifetime of a structure if they are installed correctly. Factors such as exposure to weather and corrosion can affect their lifespan, but ensuring you use the appropriate type of finish for your application is critical.

Basically, if you are working on a project that is outdoors, use the stainless steel variety so corrosion doesn't compromise the integrity of your structure. Of course, using the appropriate size and length will ensure that your bolts can bear the required load. 


How do coach bolts compare to other types of fasteners in terms of strength?

When it comes to strength, coach bolts are a reliable choice compared to other fasteners. Their square shoulder prevents rotation, specifically when they are being fastened with a nut, and they're very resistant to shear forces. This makes them ideal for heavy-duty construction projects.

 

Can coach bolts be used in marine environments?

Yes, coach bolts can be used in marine environments, but if this is your desired use, you should choose a stainless steel variety, particularly marine grade A4 stainless steel.

 

What is the largest size coach bolt available on the market?

You will commonly find size M6 to M12 coach bolts as these are the most popular sizes, but at Fixabolt we also supply M16 stainless steel coach bolts for heavier duty applications.

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